Week 18 Invention Intellectual Property and Income
Objectives
develop a plan for dissemination of yourfinal project
prepare drafts of your summary slide (presentation.png, 1920x1080)
and video clip (presentation.mp4, 1080pHTML5, < ~minute, < ~10 MB)
and put them in your root directory
Invention
Section 2(1)(j) of the Indian Patent Act, 1970 defines "invention" as: "
a new product or process involving an inventive step and capable of industrial application
." Each component of this definition bears unique importance: 1. New Product or Process: To qualify as an invention, the subject matter must be something new.
Intellectual Property
Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind for which exclusive rights are recognized under the law. These rights allow the creators or owners to control and benefit from their inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, names, and images used in commerce. The main types of intellectual property are:
- Patents : Patents grant exclusive rights to inventors to make, use, sell, and distribute their inventions for a certain period of time, typically 20 years. Patents apply to new, useful, and non-obvious inventions or discoveries, including processes, machines, articles of manufacture, or compositions of matter.
- Trademarks : Trademarks protect symbols, names, and slogans used to identify goods or services and distinguish them from those of others. Trademarks can be renewed indefinitely as long as they are in use.
- Copyrights : Copyrights protect original works of authorship, such as literary, musical, and artistic works, including books, music, paintings, films, and software. Copyrights typically last for the lifetime of the author plus an additional 70 years.
- Trade Secrets : Trade secrets are confidential business information that provides a competitive edge. This can include formulas, practices, processes, designs, instruments, or patterns. Trade secrets are protected as long as they remain secret.
- Industrial Designs : Industrial designs protect the aesthetic aspects of an article, including its shape, pattern, and color. These designs must be new and original to qualify for protection.
- Geographical Indications : Geographical indications are signs used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation due to that origin. Examples include "Champagne" for sparkling wine from a specific region in France and "Darjeeling" for tea from a specific region in India.
Intellectual property rights are intended to encourage innovation and creativity by ensuring that creators can benefit from their work and invest in further development. These rights are typically governed by national laws and international agreements, such as the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).
Intellectual property rights registration in India
It is necessary to understand the meaning of IP rights and be aware of the steps taken to protect them. The Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) in India mainly include encompassing
trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets and design
, etc.
You can find more about it
here
Creative commons
Creative Commons (CC) is an internationally active non-profit organisation that provides free licences for creators to use when making their work available to the public. These licences help the creator to give permission for others to use the work in advance under certain conditions. Every time a work is created, such as when a journal article is written or a photograph taken, that work is automatically protected by copyright. Copyright protection prevents others from using the work in certain ways, such as copying the work or putting the work online. CC licences allow the creator of the work to select how they want others to use the work. When a creator releases their work under a CC licence, members of the public know what they can and can’t do with the work. This means that they only need to seek the creator’s permission when they want to use the work in a way not permitted by the licence. The great thing is that all CC licences allow works to be used for educational purposes. As a result, teachers and students can freely copy, share and sometimes modify and remix a CC work without having to seek the permission of the creator.
Standard rights and obligations
CC provides six core licences, each of which allow members of the public to use the material in different ways. While there are different CC licences, all CC licences include certain standard rights and obligations.
User rights
Every CC licence allows you to:
1. Copy the work (eg download, upload, photocopy and scan the work)
2. Distribute the work (eg provide copies of the work to teachers, students, parents and the community)
3. Display or perform the work (eg play a sound recording or film in class, or stage a play to parents)
4. Communicate the work (eg make the work available online on the school intranet, learning management system or on a class blog)
5. Format shift verbatim copies of the work (eg copy a MP3 version of music onto a CD or an MP4 version of a film onto a DVD to play in class).
Some CC licences also let you make other uses, however these are the base user rights provided for all CC material.
User obligations
When you use any CC material, you must:
- Always attribute the creator of the work (for information on how to attribute a work)
- Get permission from the creator to do anything that goes beyond the terms of the licence (eg making a commercial use of the work or creating a derivative work where the licence does not permit this)
- Keep any copyright notice attached to the work intact on all copies of the work
- Indicate and link to the licence from any copies of the work
- Where you make changes to the work, acknowledge the original work and indicate that changes have been made
In addition, when you use any CC material, you must not:
- Alter the terms of the licence
- Use the work in any way that is prejudicial to the reputation of the creator of the work
- Imply that the creator is endorsing or sponsoring you or your work
- Add any technologies (such as digital rights management) to the work that restrict other people from using it under the terms of the licence.
For a brief overview, visit this website.
Choosing the right License
By choosing a Creative Commons license for the my project, I aim to support the fab community's ethos of open-source development, education, and collaboration. This license allows others to learn from, build upon, and share the project while protecting it from unauthorized commercial use.
Attribution (BY)
You must credit the creator, the title and the licence the work is under. This is compulsory for all Creative Commons licences.
Non-commercial (NC)
Any use of the work must be for non-commercial purposes only. For example, file sharing, educational use and film festivals are all allowed, but advertising and for-profit uses are not.
Share Alike (SA)
Any new work produced using this material must be made available under the same licence as the original work. For example, if you remix a work under an Attribution-Share Alike licence, you have to release the new work you create under an Attribution-Share Alike licence.
To choose my license I filled in this form by Creative commons. You can find the link here
After filling out I got this
RECOMMENDED LICENSE
CC BY-SA 4.0
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
This license requires that reusers give credit to the creator. It allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, even for commercial purposes. If others remix, adapt, or build upon the material, they must license the modified material under identical terms.
- BY: Credit must be given to you, the creator.
- SA: Adaptations must be shared under the same terms.
And then I added my license to my home page footer